2017, Volume 13, Issue 1
Special indices of body composition as a criterion of somatic development of martial arts practitioners
Leonid Vladimirovich Podrigalo1, Sergii Sidorovich Iermakov2, Władysław Jagiełło3
1Department Hygiene and Physiology of Human, Kharkov State Academy of Physical Culture, Kharkov, Ukraine
2Faculty of Physical Education, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
3Department of Combat Sports, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sports, Gdansk, Poland
Author for correspondence: Władysław Jagiełło; Department of Combat Sports, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sports, Gdansk, Poland
Full text
Abstract
Background & Study Aim: The study of athletes’ anatomic-morphological characteristics permits to estimate adaptation potentials that are required for prediction of successfulness and sportsmanship progress. The purpose of this work is the usefulness of special indicators in prognosticating the widely understood success of martial arts practitioners.
Material & Methods: In the research 29 athletes, divided into two groups, participated. The first group (n =12, age 18.58 ±0.38 years) were athletes, practicing Greco-Roman and free style wrestling, judo, sambo (conventionally: gentle combat sports). The second group (n = 17, age 18.12 ±0.26 years) were athletes practicing hand-to-hand fighting, karate, taekwondo (conventionally: aggressive martial arts). Sportsmanship level in both groups did not differ noticeably but varied from athletes-beginners to elite athletes. We registered 20 anthropometric indicators (body length and mass; chest circumference; width of shoulders; length and circumference of arm, forearm, thigh and shin). For comparative analysis we used 14 special indices.
Results: We confirmed the presence of certain distinctions in athletes’ body composition. Quetelet index and shoulder width were confidently higher in gentle combat sports athletes. Index Vervek and index Piniet were lower in gentle combat sports athletes than in aggressive martial arts practitioners. Among gentle combat sports practitioners there was much less athletes with low index of Erisman. Gentle combat sports practitioners had relative body area much larger than other athletes, also greater relative arm and forearm length.
Conclusions: We proved possibility of physical condition indices’ usage for analysis of body composition’s specificities and prediction of athletes’ successfulness. The found distinctions illustrate specific features of kind of sports and different body compositions of gentle combat sports athletes and aggressive martial arts practitioners. Indices of Quetelet, Erisman, Piniet and Vervek, relative body area witness about increase of muscular component of gentle combat sports athletes somatic type. Arm’s and forearm relative lengths of gentle combat sports athletes permit to fulfill techniques more successfully. It is a positive factor of prediction. The used indices are simple, informative and accessible indicators. They can be recommended for selection, control over athletes’ condition and successfulness prediction in particular martial arts.
Key words: achievement sport, anthropometry, hand-to-hand fighting, prediction, sambo
