2019, Volume 15, Issue 1
Reliability of the KK’017 questionnaire – test-retest female students of tourism and recreation
Jarosław Klimczak1
1Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Tourism, Recreation and Ecology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
Author for correspondence: Jarosław Klimczak; Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Tourism, Recreation and Ecology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland; email: klimczakwmrot@op.pl
Full text
Abstract
Background & Study Aim: The author of the publication is aware that the paper is addressed to a limited number of target readers. There are three major reasons for that. First of all, the KK'017 questionnaire is used to examine phenomena rarely studied by researchers, such as courage, self-defence instinct, and survival abilities in a complementary approach. The questionnaire is based on mixed assessment method and in the sense of empirical achievements it is an area of innovative exploration. The third reason is that the KK’017 questionnaire is available to researchers who collaborate with the authors of this unique research tool (intellectual property of Kalina and Kałużny). The purpose of the work is empirical verification of the reliability of the KK'017 questionnaire.
Materials & Methods: The KK’017questionnaire includes 12 statements (or questions) informing about hypothetical situations with its participation. The result of each respondent's declaration is based on one of four mixed assessments (conventional points, which simplifies statistical analysis): 3 (most socially desirable); 2 (does not compromise the hypothetical maker in an ethical sense but indicates a lack of efficiency); 1 (testifies to the effectiveness but disgraces the maker); 0 (informs about extreme social maladjustment). The test-retest method was used 14 days apart. Thirty eight female students of tourism and recreation of the second year of study were tested, age 21.57 ±1.03 years.
Results: The KK’017 questionnaire reliability confirmed the following highest correlations: r = 0.869 for “jump into the water to save somebody drowning”; r = 0.859 for “the need to help others”; r = 0.825 for “the respondent’s preferred way to resolve a conflict with the intention of achieving a relatively long-lasting effect”; r = 0.770 for simulation “the purpose of aggression is to kill at the person”; Others from r = 0.749 to r = 0.509.
Conclusions: The “test-retest” procedure corroborates the usefulness of the KK'017 questionnaire for studying the phenomena of human actions in various simulated difficult and extreme situations in accordance with mixed assessment criteria. The ease of decomposing the results of the K-K’98 questionnaire into methodological mixed assessment standards prompts a recommendation for the authors of this research to reanalyse the empirical data of all 12 statements. I believe that the KK'017 questionnaire adequately adapted to the criteria of the innovative profile of Sense of Positive Health and Survival Abilities can fulfil the role of a simple and reliable tool for diagnosing mental health and social health.
Key words: extreme situations, innovative agonology, mixed assessment, self-defence instinct, simulation
